P2 Revision Booklet

Static Electricity

Easy (Grade D/E)

Q1.          (a)     A student takes off his nylon fleece and feels a small electric shock.
He realises that this happens because his fleece becomes charged.

Explain why the fleece becomes charged.
........................................................................................................................
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........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(2)

(b)     Only two of the following statements are correct.
Put a tick () in the boxes next to the two correct statements.
 
Positively charged objects repel negatively charged objects.		

Electrical charges move easily through metals.		

Static electricity is safe; it never causes any danger.		

An electric current is a flow of electrical charge.		

(2)
(c)     The diagram shows a lightning conductor attached to the side of a tall building.

If the building is struck by lightning, charge flows to earth through the lightning conductor.
(i)      Which of the materials in the list is used to make the lightning conductor?
Draw a ring around your answer.
 
copper	glass	plastic	

Give a reason for your answer.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(2)

(ii)     Complete the sentence by drawing a ring around the correct line in the box.
The resistance of the lightning conductor is
 
higher than	 	
the same as	the resistance of the building.	
lower than	 	

(1)

(iii)    It is almost impossible to test different designs of lightning conductor in controlled experiments during a lightning storm.
Suggest a reason why.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 8 marks)
Q2.          (a)    The diagram shows how static electricity is used to paint a metal car panel.

Use words from the box to complete the following sentences.
 
attract	opposite	repel	same	

All the paint droplets have the same type of charge. This makes the paint droplets
.................................................. each other and spread out.
The car panel and the paint droplets have the .................................................. type of
charge. This causes the car panel to .................................................. the paint droplets.
The car panel is covered by an even layer of paint.
(3)
(b)     In which one of the following situations is static electricity dangerous and not useful?
Put a tick () in the box next to your answer.
 
using a photocopier		
refuelling an aircraft		
a smoke precipitator		

Give a reason for your answer.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 5 marks)

 Q3.          (a)     A student rubs a nylon comb on the sleeve of his jumper.

(i)      Use words from the box to complete the following sentence.
 
electrons             hand                jumper          protons	

The comb becomes negatively charged because ............................................ move
from the student’s ........................................... to the comb.
(2)

(ii)     What type of charge is left on the jumper?
.......................................................................
(1)

(iii)     The negatively charged comb is placed close to a charged plastic ruler. The comb and the ruler attract each other.
Complete the following sentence by drawing a ring around the correct line in the box.
 
The ruler is	negatively charged
positively charged
uncharged	

(1)

(b)     Electrostatic charge can damage computer chips. People working with computer chips may wear a special bracelet, with a wire joining the bracelet to earth (the earth wire). Any negative charge on the person will flow through the wire to earth.
          
(i)      Which one of the following materials should the bracelet be made from?
Draw a ring around your answer.
                    copper       plastic      rubber
Give a reason for your answer.
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
(2)

(ii)     Which one of the following words is used to describe the rate of flow of charge through a wire?
Draw a ring around your answer.
                    current      resistance        voltage
(1)
(Total 7 marks)
 Q4.         You wash and dry your hair, then comb it with a plastic comb.  As you move the comb away from your head some hairs are attracted to the comb.
(a)     What has happened to the comb to make it attract the hairs?
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)

(b)     If the comb is now held above some small pieces of dry tissue paper what is likely to happen?
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)

(c)     If you rub your hands all over the comb it will no longer attract your hair.
Explain why.
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(2)
(Total 4 marks)
 Q5.          A student did an experiment with two strips of polythene. She held the strips together at one end. She rubbed down one strip with a dry cloth. Then she rubbed down the other strip with the dry cloth. Still holding the top ends together, she held up the strips.

(a)     (i)      What movement would you expect to see?
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii)     Why do the strips move in this way?
...........................................................................................................................
(2)

(b)     Complete the four spaces in the passage.
Each strip has a negative charge. The cloth is left with a............................................ 
charge. This is because particles called .................................. have been transferred
from the .................................... to the ........................................ .
(4)

(c)     The student tried the experiment using two strips of aluminium. The strips did not move. 
Complete each of the sentences.
(i)      Materials, such as aluminium, which electricity will pass through easily, are 
called ........................................ .
(1)

(ii)     Materials, such as polythene which electricity will not pass through easily, are 
called ......................................... .
(1)
(Total 9 marks)
 Static electricity-Mark scheme
M1.          (a)     fleece rubs against shirt
it refers to the fleece
1

or
friction (between fleece and shirt)
(causing) electrons to transfer from one to the other
accept a specific direction of transfer
do not accept charge for electrons
positive electrons negates this mark
movement of protons negates this mark
1

(b)     Electrical charges move easily through metals.
1

An electric current is a flow of electrical charge.
1

(c)     (i)      copper
reason only scores if copper chosen
1

(good electrical) conductor
accept it is a metal
any mention of heat conduction negates this mark
1

(ii)     lower than
1

(iii)    accept any sensible suggestion,eg:
•    too many variables (to control)
•    lightning strikes / storms are random / unpredictable
•    do not know which building will be struck
•    do not know when a building will be struck
•    do not know when lightning will happen
•    (very) difficult to create same conditions in a laboratory
•    lightning storms are not the same
it is not safe is insufficient
do not accept lightning does not strike the same place twice
1
[8]
 M2.          (a)     repel
1
opposite
1
attract
1
correct order only

(b)     refuelling an aircraft
reason cannot score if refuelling aircraft is not chosen
1

a spark may cause an explosion / fire / ignite the fuel
accept the static for a spark
accept named fuel
there must be a consequence of having a spark
do not accept answers in terms of people getting a shock or electrocuted
1
[5]

M3.         (a)     (i)      electrons
1
jumper
1

(ii)     positive
accept protons
accept +
1

(iii)     positively charged
accept any clear way of indicating the answer
1

(b)     (i)      copper
1
it is an (electrical) conductor
only accept if copper is identified
do not accept it conducts heat
accept it conducts heat and electricity
accept copper is the best conductor
accept correct description of conduction
1

(ii)     current
1
[7]
 M4.          (a)     becomes (electrically) charged or description of electron movement
for 1 mark
1

(b)     comb attracts paper
for 1 mark
1

(c)     charge/electricity gone to Earth/body 
for 1 mark each
2
[4]
 M5.         (a)     (i)      (bottom or other ends) move apart or
repel
accept they move apart
1
(ii)     have same charge
accept both have negative charge 
(from part (b) do not credit both have positive charge
same or like charges repel
not just opposite charges attract
2

(b)     positive
1
electrons
1
cloth
1
polythene
accept strips
1

(c)     (i)      conductors
accept metals
1
(ii)     insulators
accept non-conductors/poor conductors do not credit
non-metals
1
[9]