Q1.The nervous system allows humans to react to their surroundings.
(a)     Sense organs have receptors. Receptors detect changes in the environment.
Which word describes a change in the environment?
Draw a ring around one answer.
an effector         a neurone         a stimulus
(1)
(b)     The photograph shows a baby.
Labels A, B, C, D and E show some of the baby’s sense organs.

Photo by D. Sharon Pruitt [CC-BY-2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Answer each question by writing one letter, A, B, C, D or E, in each box.
 
(i)	Which sense organ has receptors sensitive to light?		

(1)
(ii)     Which two sense organs have receptors sensitive to chemicals?
    and    							(2)
(iii)	Which sense organ has receptors sensitive to changes in the baby’s position?		

(1)
(c)     Information from sense organ A is passed along nerve cells.
The information is coordinated to produce a response.
Which organ in the body coordinates the information?
........................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 6 marks)
 Q2.          Our bodies control the concentration of glucose in the blood.
Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete each sentence.
(a)     The concentration of glucose in the blood is controlled by a
 
 	carbohydrase.	
hormone called	insulin.	
 	protease.	

(1)

 	 	intestine.	
(b)	This hormone is produced by the	stomach.	
 	 	pancreas.	

(1)

(c)     If the body does not produce enough of this hormone,
 
 	diabetes.	
the person develops	cystic fibrosis.	
 	Huntington’s disease.	

(1)
(Total 3 marks)

Q3.          A girl picks up a hot plate. A reflex action causes her to drop it.
The diagram shows some of the structures involved in this reflex action.

Use words from the box to name the structures labelled A, B, C and D.
brain	gland	muscle	neurone	receptor	spinal cord	

A ............................................................
B ............................................................
C ............................................................
D ............................................................
(Total 4 marks)
Q4.          (a)     List A gives the names of four stimuli. List B gives four parts of the human body.
          Draw a straight line from each stimulus in List A to the part of the body in List B which has receptors for that stimulus.
(One has been done for you.)

(3)

(b)     Complete the following sentence by choosing the correct words from the box.
 
brain     glands     motor     sensory	

          To make us aware of a stimulus, impulses are sent along a …………………..… neurone to the ...........................................
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
 Q5.          The photograph shows a new-born baby.

 (a)     New-born babies have reflex actions. The reflex actions help new-born babies to survive. Draw a line from each reflex action to the way in which it helps the baby to survive.
 
Reflex action	 	How the reflex action helps
the baby	
 	 	Helps the baby to hold on to the
mother	
If milk goes down the baby’s
windpipe the baby coughs	 	 	
 	 	Prevents the baby from choking	
If the mother touches the palm of
the baby’s hand, the baby clenches
its fist.	 	 	
 	 	Helps to protect some of the baby’s
receptors	
If the mother strokes the baby’s mouth, the baby begins to suck.	 	 	
 	 	Helps the baby to crawl	
If a bright light shines on the baby,
the baby’s eyes shut.	 	 	
 	 	Helps the baby to feed	

(4)

(b)     Which two of the following may be effectors in reflex actions?
Tick () two boxes.
 
Brain		
 
Glands		
 
Motor neurones		
 
Muscles		
 
Sensory neurones		
(2)
(Total 6 marks)
 Q6.          The drawing shows a group of people in a café.

(a)           Use words from the box to answer the questions.
 
      brain          eye            nose            skin            tongue	
Which organ contains receptors that allow a person to:
(i)      read the newspaper ...........................................
(1)
(ii)     smell the coffee ................................................
(1)
(iii)     feel how hot the cup is .....................................
(1)
(iv)    taste the coffee? ................................................
(1)
(c)     A cigarette manufacturer increased the amount of nicotine in cigarettes by 11%
between 1997 and 2006. The manufacturer did not tell the public about this change.
(i)      Suggest one reason why the manufacturer increased the amount of nicotine in the cigarettes.
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)     Suggest one reason why the manufacturer did not tell the public about the change.
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 6 marks)
 Q7.          The photograph shows a girl waiting to cross a road.

(a)     Name two different sense organs she would use to detect when it is safe to cross the road.
1 ..................................................................................................................................
2 ..................................................................................................................................
(2)

(b)     Which sense organ contains receptors that help the girl to keep her balance?
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)

(c)     (i)      Complete the sentence.
         A car driver automatically brakes if a child dashes out into the road.
         This is called a ...................................................................................... action.
(1)

(ii)     Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.

In the nervous system, information passes along cells called	effectors
neurones
synapses	 
.	

(Total 5 marks)
 Q8.          A man is walking along a street. He plans to cross the road at the pelican crossing. Pelican crossings show a flashing green person and bleep when it is safe to cross.

(a)     State two different ways the man uses:
(i)      his eyes, to help him cross the road safely;
1 ........................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii)     his ears, to help him cross the road safely.
1 ........................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................
(2)

(b)     (i)      Eyes, ears and skin contain sense receptors.
         State the names of two other parts of the body which contain sense receptors.
......................................................... and .........................................................
(2)

(ii)     What type of sense receptor is in the skin of his feet?
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 7 marks)
Q9.         Diabetes is a disease in which blood glucose (sugar) concentration may rise more than normal.
(a)     Which organ in the body monitors this rise in blood sugar?
Draw a ring around your answer.
 
liver	pancreas	stomach	
(1)
(b)     One way of treating diabetes is by careful attention to diet.
Chart 1 shows the recommended diet for a person with diabetes.
Chart 2 shows a diet for a person without diabetes.

How is the recommended diet of a person with diabetes different from the diet of a person without diabetes?
Use information from the charts.
Tick () two box.
 
The diabetic should get more energy from fat.		
The diabetic should get more energy from protein.		
The diabetic should get less energy from carbohydrate.		
The diabetic should get less energy from protein.		
(2)

(c)     Other than diet, give one way in which diabetes may be treated.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 4 marks)
Q10.         Diabetes is a disease in which the concentration of glucose in a person’s blood may rise to fatally high levels. Insulin controls the concentration of glucose in the blood.
(a)     Where is insulin produced?
Draw a ring around one answer.
 
gall bladder	liver	   pancreas	
(1)

(b)     Diabetics may control their blood glucose by injecting insulin.
Apart from using insulin, give one other way diabetics may reduce their blood glucose.
........................................................................................................................
(1)

(c)     The bar chart shows the number of people with diabetes in different age groups in the UK.

(i)      Describe how the number of males with diabetes changes between the ages of 0 - 44 and 75 and over.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(3)

(ii)     Compare the number of males and females with diabetes:
between the ages of 0 and 64 years
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
over the age of 65.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 7 marks)
 Q11.          A student accidentally touches a sharp object.
Her hand is immediately pulled away from the object.
The diagram shows the structures involved in this response.

(a)     Use the correct word or phrase from the diagram to complete each sentence.
(i)      The stimulus is detected by the .........................................................................
(1)

(ii)     Impulses travel to the central nervous system along a
cell called a .......................................................................................................
(1)
(iii)     Impulses travel from the central nervous system to the effector
along a cell called a ...........................................................................................
(1)

(iv)    The hand is pulled away from the sharp object by the
...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(b)     Where in the body are there cells sensitive to:
(i)      light ..............................
(1)
(ii)     sound ..............................
(1)
(iii)     changes in position?..............................
(1)
(Total 7 marks)
 M1.          (a)     a stimulus
1

(b)     (i)      A
1

(ii)     C
either order
1

D
1

(iii)    E
1

(c)     brain
allow spinal cord / CNS / central nervous system
do not allow spine
1
[6]
 M2.          (a)     insulin
extra ring drawn cancels the mark
1

(b)     pancreas
extra ring drawn cancels the mark
1

(c)     diabetes
extra ring drawn cancels the mark
1
[3]
 M3.          A       –       muscle
1
B       –       receptor
1
C       –       neurone
1
D       –       spinal cord
1
[4]
 M4.          (a)     Stimulus            Part of the body

1 mark for each correct line
if 2 lines to one box, CANCEL mark
max 3
(b)     in correct sequence:
sensory
1
brain
1
[5]
 M5.          (a)     
all four correct = 4 marks
three correct = 3 marks
two correct = 2 marks
one correct = 1 mark
extra line from a statement cancels the mark
4

(b)     glands
1

muscles
1 mark for each correct tick
each extra box ticked cancels 1 mark
1
[6]

M6.          (a)     (i)      eye
1
(ii)     nose
1
(iii)     skin
1
(iv)    tongue
1

(c)     (i)      eg to ensure more people addicted to cigarettes / make cigarettes
more addictive
1
(ii)     eg people might not buy the brand
1
[6]
 M7.          (a)     eye / sight / eyesight
either order
1
          ear / hearing
ignore light
1

(b)     ear
1
(c)     (i)      reflex
1
(ii)     neurons
1
[5]
M8.          (a)     (i)      any two from
         see the (green) light or sign or man
for seeing where to go to avoid
objects 
see cars (that are stopped)
answer must show that the person sees something
2

(ii)     any two from
         hear the bleeps or noise
to listen for traffic or danger
for balance
answer must show that the person hears something
2

(b)     (i)      nose
credit smell
1
tongue
credit taste but not mouth
credit temperature sensor
1

(ii)     any one from
do not accept sensory receptors or neurone
         touch
pain
credit nerves
         pressure
temperature
credit heat
do not accept cold
1
[7]
 M9.         (a)      pancreas
1

(b)     the diabetic should get more energy from fat
1

the diabetic should get less energy from carbohydrate
1
(c)     (use) insulin
allow pancreas / stem cell transplant
do not allow injection / transplant /stem cells / tablets alone
ignore exercise
1
[4]
 M10.         (a)     pancreas
1

(b)     any one from
•       (controlling / changing) diet
accept descriptions as to how diet could be changed eg eat less sugar(y foods) ignore reference to fat / protein
•        exercise
accept example eg go for a run
•        pancreas transplant
accept named drug eg metformin
1
(c)     (i)      increase
ignore reference to women
1

then fall
1
relevant data quote (for male)
max at ages 65 - 74
eg starts at 10 (per thousand) or max at 130 (per thousand) or ends at 120 (per thousand)
accept a difference between any pairs of numbers in data set
quoting of scale or per thousand but not ‘thousands’ accuracy ± 2
1

(ii)               ignore numbers
(between 0 and 64) more females (than males) / less males
allow eg females more diabetic than males
1
(over 65) more males (than females) / less females
1
[7]
 M11.          (a)     (i)      receptor
1
(ii)     sensory neurone
1
(iii)     motor neurone
1
(iv)    muscle
1

(b)     (i)      eye(s)
allow retina
ignore sight
1

(ii)     ear(s)
ignore hearing
do not allow ear drum
1

(iii)     ear(s)
ignore balance
1
[7]