Q1.          The diagram shows a cell from a plant leaf.

(a)     Name the part of this cell that:
(i)      controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)     is filled with cell sap.
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(b)     Give the names of two parts of the leaf cell that would not be found in a human liver cell.
.................................................. and ..................................................
(2)
(c)     The chloroplasts produce oxygen.
Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.
 
 	diffusion.	
The oxygen produced by the chloroplasts passes out of the cell by	digestion.	
 	respiration.	

(1)
(Total 5 marks)
 Q2.          Substances can move into and out of cells.
(a)     (i)      How does oxygen move into and out of cells?
Draw a ring around one answer.
 
diffusion	digestion	photosynthesis	

(1)
(ii)     Diagram 1 shows the percentage concentration of oxygen in three cells, A, B and C.

Oxygen can move from cell to cell.
Into which cell, A, B or C, will oxygen move the fastest?            
(1)
(b)     (i)      How does water move into and out of cells?
Draw a ring around one answer.
 
breathing	osmosis	respiration	

(1)
(ii)     Differences in the concentration of sugars in cells cause water to move into or out of cells at different rates.
Diagram 2 shows three different cells, P, Q and R.
The information shows the percentage concentration of sugar solution in cells P, Q and R.

Water can move from cell to cell.
Into which cell, P, Q or R, will water move the fastest?            
(1)
(Total 4 marks)
Q3.          In fish and chip shops, potatoes are cut into chips several hours before the chips are cooked.
The amount of water in the chips must be kept constant during this time.
To keep the water in the chips constant, the chips are kept in salt solution.
A student investigated the effect of different concentrations of salt solution on the mass of five chips.
•        He weighed each one of the five chips.
•        He placed each chip into a different concentration of salt solution.
•        After one hour he removed the chips from the salt solutions and then reweighed the chips.
 
 	Concentration of salt solution	
	0 M	0.5 M	1 M	2 M	3 M	
Mass of chip at start, in grams	2.6	2.8	2.8	2.5	2.6	
Mass of chip after one hour, in grams	2.7	2.8	2.7	2.3	2.1	

(a)     (i)      In which concentration of salt solution did the chip gain mass? .................
(1)

(ii)     Explain why the chip gained mass in this solution.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(2)

(b)     In which concentration of salt solution should the chips be kept in the shop?
Give the reason for your answer.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
 Q4.          The diagram shows a cell from the lining of the lung. This cell is specialised to allow gases to pass through quickly.

(a)           Use words from the box to label structures A, B and C.
 
cell membrane         chloroplast          cytoplasm           mitochondria       nucleus	

(3)

(b)     (i)      Which feature of this cell allows oxygen to pass through quickly?
Put a tick () in the box next to your choice.
 
It is thin.		
It has a large nucleus.		
It has many mitochondria.		

(1)
(ii)     Complete the sentence by drawing a ring around the correct answer in the box.
Oxygen passes through this cell by	diffusion
osmosis
respiration	

(1)
(Total 5 marks)
 Q5.          Complete the table by writing the correct process next to its description.
Choose your answers from the list in the box
 
breathing       diffusion         digestion        osmosis         respiration	

 Description	Process	
Moving air in and out of the lungs	 	
The movement of particles of a substance
from high to low concentration	 	
The release of energy from glucose	 	

(Total 3 marks)

Q6.          The drawing shows the cell of a bacterium.

(a)     List A gives the four structures labelled on the diagram.
List B includes information about each structure.
Draw one line from each structure in List A to the correct information about the structure in List B.
             List A                                                                          List B
          Structure                                                                  Information

(4)
(b)     Give two differences between an animal cell and the cell of a bacterium.
1 .....................................................................................................................
2 .....................................................................................................................
(2)

(c)     The diagrams show cells containing and surrounded by oxygen molecules.
Oxygen can move into cells or out of cells.

Into which cell, A, B, C or D, will oxygen move the fastest?
Write the correct letter, A, B, C or D, in the box.          
(1)
(d)     Complete the following sentence.
          Oxygen is taken into the cell by the process of .............................................
(1)
(Total 8 marks)
 Q7.          The diagram shows an alveolus and a blood capillary in the lung.

(i)      During gaseous exchange, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged across the wall of the alveolus. On the diagram, carefully draw two arrows to show the paths taken by oxygen and by carbon dioxide during this process. Label each arrow.
(3)
(ii)      Name the process by which oxygen moves across the wall of the alveolus.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(iii)     Each lung contains about 350 million alveoli. How does this help gaseous exchange?
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
 Q8.         The diagrams show four types of cell, A, B, C and D.
Two of the cells are plant cells and two are animal cells.

(a)     (i)      Which two of the cells are plant cells?
Tick () one box.
 
A and B		
A and D		
C and D		
(1)

(ii)     Which part is found only in plant cells?
Draw a ring around one answer.
 
cell membrane	cell wall	nucleus	

(1)
(b)	(i)	Which cell, A, B, C or D, is adapted for swimming?		

(1)
(ii)	Which cell, A, B, C or D, can produce glucose by photosynthesis?		

(1)
(c)     Cells A, B, C and D all use oxygen.
For what process do cells use oxygen?
Draw a ring around one answer.
 
osmosis	photosynthesis	   respiration	

(1)
(Total 5 marks)
 Q9.         In a living organism, the cells are organised into organs, systems and tissues.
(a)     Use words from the box to complete the list of these structures in order of size.
 
organs        systems         tissues	

The smallest structure is at the top of the list and the largest is at the bottom.
 
1 cells		
2 ..................................		
3 ..................................		
4 ..................................		
5 organism		

(1)
(b)     List A gives three tissues found in the human body.
List B gives four functions of tissues.
Draw a straight line from each tissue in List A to its correct function in List B.
 List A – Tissue	 	List B – Function	
 	 	Covers many parts of the body	
Muscular tissue	 	 	
 	 	Contracts to cause movement	
Glandular tissue	 	 	
 	 	Divides by meiosis	
Epithelial tissue	 	 	
 	 	Releases hormones or enzymes	
(3)
(Total 4 marks)
 Q10.          The diagram shows a plant cell from a leaf.

(a)     List A gives the names of three parts of the cell.List B gives the functions of parts of the cell.
Draw a line from each part of the cell in List A to its function in List B.
 
List A
Parts of the cell	 	List B
Functions	
 	 	Where most of the chemical
reactions take place	
Nucleus	 	 	
 	 	Absorbs light energy to make food	
Cytoplasm	 	 	
 	 	Strengthens the cell	
Chloroplast	 	 	
 	 	Controls the activities of the cell	
(3)
(b)     Respiration takes place in the cell.
Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.
 
 	energy	
All cells use respiration to release	oxygen.	
 	sugar.	

(1)
(Total 4 marks)
 Q11.          The diagram shows the human breathing system.

(a)     Place on the diagram:
(i)      a letter X where oxygen enters the blood;
(1)
(ii)     an arrow showing the direction the diaphragm moves when we breathe in.
(1)
(b)     List the following structures in the order the air passes through them when we breathe in.
alveoli             bronchi           bronchioles            trachea
1 ..................................................................................
2 ..................................................................................
3 ..................................................................................
4 ..................................................................................
(1)
(c)     By what process does oxygen enter the blood? Draw a ring around your answer.
diffusion          digestion         osmosis                  respiration
(1)
(Total 4 marks)
 Q12.          Leaves are made from layers of cells.
The diagram shows a section through part of a leaf.

(a)     (i)      Which word in the table describes layer A?
Tick () one box.
 
Layer A	Tick
()	
Tissue	 	
Organ	 	
Cell	 	

(1)
(ii)     Which word describes a whole leaf?
Draw a ring around one answer.
 
organ	tissue	organism	

(1)
(b)     (i)      Which two layers of cells, A, B, C and D, can photosynthesise?
Use information from the diagram to help you.
Tick () two boxes.
 
Layer A		

Layer B		

Layer C		

Layer D		

(2)
(ii)     Give one reason for your answer.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(c)     List X gives the names of two parts of a cell.List Y gives information about parts of a cell.
Draw one line between each part of the cell in list X and information about it in list Y.
 
List X
Part of a cell	 	List Y
Information	
 	 	Controls the passage of
substances into the cell	
Vacuole	 	 	
 	 	Contains the cell sap	
Nucleus	 	 	
 	 	Controls the activities of the
whole cell	

(2)
(Total 7 marks)
 M1.         (a)      (i)     (cell) membrane
1
(ii)     vacuole
1
(b)     any two from:
•    (cell) wall
•    chloroplast(s)
ignore chlorophyll
•    vacuole
ignore cell sap
2

(c)     diffusion
1
[5]
 M2.         (a)      (i)     diffusion
1
(ii)     A
1
(b)     (i)      osmosis
1
(ii)     R
1
[4]
 M3.          (a)     (i)      0 M
1
(ii)     water entered cells by osmosis
1
because the concentration of water outside cells was
higher than inside the cells
1
(b)     0.5 M
1
because the chip did not change mass in this solution
1
[5]
 M4.          (a)     A nucleus
1
          B (cell) membrane
1
          C cytoplasm
1
(b)     (i)      it is thin
1
(ii)     diffusion
1
[5]
M5.          in correct sequence:
breathing
1
diffusion
1
respiration
1
[3]
M6.          (a)

all four correct = 4 marks
three correct = 3 marks
two correct = 2 marks
one correct = 1 mark
extra line from a statement cancels the mark
4
(b)     any two from:
•        nucleus
•        no cell wall
•        separate chromosomes
2
(c)     A
1
(d)     diffusion
1
[8]
 M7.          (i)      On diagram:
          oxygen arrow to blood from air and CO2 arrow to air from blood
1
          oxygen arrow to red blood cell
1
          CO2 arrow from plasma
1
(ii)      diffusion
1
(iii)     large surface or large area
do not accept space
1
[5]
 M8.         (a)      (i)      C and D
1
(ii)     cell wall
1
(b)     (i)      A
1
(ii)     D
1
(c)     respiration
1
[5]
 M9.          (a)     in sequence:
2 = tissue(s)
3 = organ(s)
4 = system(s)
1
(b)     

1 mark for each correct line
extra line(s) from one tissue cancel 
3
[4]
 M10.          (a)     
1 mark for each correct line
mark each line from left hand box
two lines from left hand box cancels mark for that box
3

(b)     energy
1
[4]
 M11.          (a)     correctly labelled on diagram
(i)      ‘X’ on an alveolus
centre of X on the alveolus wall or
inside the alveolus
not if the centre is outside
1
(ii)     arrow pointing downwards
accept anywhere but must point down
1
(b)     in sequence
1 trachea
2 bronchi
3 bronchioles
4 alveoli
1
(c)     diffusion
accept positive indicator
1
[4]
 M12.         (a)      (i)     tissue
extra box ticked cancels the mark
1
(ii)     organ
extra ring drawn cancels the mark
1
(b)     (i)      Layer B
each extra box ticked cancels 1 mark
1
Layer C
1
(ii)     (contain) chloroplasts / chlorophyll
other parts disqualify
1
c)     
two correct = 2 marks
one correct = 1 mark
extra line from a part of a cell cancels the mark
2
[7]